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Oracle GoldenGate（OGG）是一種高性能、實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)復(fù)制和數(shù)據(jù)集成軟件，它可以在異構(gòu)IT環(huán)境中實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)的數(shù)據(jù)可用性、數(shù)據(jù)移動(dòng)和數(shù)據(jù)管理，OGG通過捕獲源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的日志記錄，將這些日志記錄傳輸?shù)侥繕?biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)或延遲的數(shù)據(jù)處理，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的持久性解決方案。

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以下是使用Oracle OGG實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)潔而又有效的數(shù)據(jù)持久性解決方案的詳細(xì)技術(shù)教學(xué)：

1、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

在開始使用OGG之前，需要確保已經(jīng)安裝了Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和GoldenGate軟件，還需要配置源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)之間的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，以便OGG能夠捕獲和傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。

2、創(chuàng)建OGG部署

在源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上創(chuàng)建一個(gè)OGG部署，用于定義數(shù)據(jù)復(fù)制的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)、捕獲進(jìn)程和復(fù)制進(jìn)程，可以使用Oracle SQL*Plus或者GoldenGate Command Line Interface（CLI）來創(chuàng)建OGG部署。

使用SQL*Plus創(chuàng)建一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的OGG部署：

連接到源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
CONNECT sys/password@source_db;
創(chuàng)建OGG部署
CREATE DEPLOYMENT my_ogg_deployment
TYPE EXTERNAL;
添加源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
ADD TARGET my_target_db USERID my_target_user IDENTIFIED BY my_target_password;
ADD EXTRACT my_extraction_tape DATABASE PASSWORD my_password LOGFILE 'my_extraction_file.dmp';
啟動(dòng)OGG部署
START DEPLOYMENT my_ogg_deployment;

3、配置捕獲進(jìn)程

在源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上創(chuàng)建一個(gè)捕獲進(jìn)程，用于捕獲源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的日志記錄，可以使用Oracle SQL*Plus或者GoldenGate CLI來配置捕獲進(jìn)程。

使用SQL*Plus配置一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的捕獲進(jìn)程：

連接到源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
CONNECT sys/password@source_db;
創(chuàng)建捕獲進(jìn)程
ADD CAPTURED DATABASE my_captured_db;
SET INSTANCE my_instance;
SET GROUP my_group;
SET CLASS my_class;
SET RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7200 SECONDS;
SET ARCHIVE DESTINATION 'my_archive_dir';
SET ARCHIVE LISTENER my_archive_listener;
SET FILTER PROCESSOR my_filter_processor;
SET METADATA FORMAT TARGET 'my_metadata_format';
SET METADATA LOCATION 'my_metadata_location';
SET CONNECTION RETRIES TO 5;
SET CONNECTION WAIT TO 60 SECONDS;
SET MULTITHREADED CONNECTIONS TO 4;
SET PUBLISH ADDRESS 'my_publishing_address';
SET PURGE PROCESSOR my_purge_processor;
SET PURGE LOCATION 'my_purge_location';
SET PURGE BEFORE RETENTION TO TRUE;
SET PURGE INCREMENT TO 10000;
SET PURGE RETENTION TO 7200 SECONDS;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO PRIMARY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO ALL;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY,ALL;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,STANDBY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,PRIMARY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,ALL;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY,ALL;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY,PRIMARY,ALL;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY,PRIMARY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO PRIMARY,ALL;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO PRIMARY;
SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO ALL;

4、配置復(fù)制進(jìn)程和目標(biāo)表空間映射

在目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上創(chuàng)建一個(gè)復(fù)制進(jìn)程，用于接收來自源數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的數(shù)據(jù)，可以使用Oracle SQL*Plus或者GoldenGate CLI來配置復(fù)制進(jìn)程，還需要為目標(biāo)表空間配置映射關(guān)系，以便OGG知道如何將數(shù)據(jù)插入到目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。

使用SQL*Plus配置一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的復(fù)制進(jìn)程和目標(biāo)表空間映射：

連接到目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
CONNECT sys/password@target_db;
創(chuàng)建復(fù)制進(jìn)程和目標(biāo)表空間映射關(guān)系
ADD TRANSLATION my_translation FOR EXTENSION my_extension FROM ADDRESS 'my_source_address' MAPPING 'my_source_tablespace:my_source_schema.my_source_table' TARGET 'my_target_tablespace:my_target_schema.my_target_table';

5、監(jiān)控和優(yōu)化OGG性能

為了確保OGG的性能和穩(wěn)定性，需要定期監(jiān)控和優(yōu)化OGG的性能，可以使用Oracle GoldenGate Manager（OGGM）或者GoldenGate CLI來監(jiān)控和優(yōu)化OGG性能，可以查看捕獲進(jìn)程和復(fù)制進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)、日志文件大小、網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬使用情況等指標(biāo)，并根據(jù)需要調(diào)整OGG的配置參數(shù)。

本文題目：OracleOGG場(chǎng)景簡(jiǎn)潔而又有效的數(shù)據(jù)持久性解決方案
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