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背景
1、循環(huán)依賴異常信息
- 應用時間時間久
- 應用多人同時并行開發(fā)
- 應用保證迭代進度
經常出現(xiàn)啟動時出現(xiàn)循環(huán)依賴異常

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Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'taskPunchEvent': Injection of resource dependencies failed; nested exception is org.
springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'playContentService': Bean with name 'playContentService' has been injected into other be
ans [toVoConvertor] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the bean. Thi
s is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using 'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.
at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:325)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1404)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:592)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:515)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1255)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1175)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:595)
... 40 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'playContentService': Bean with name 'playContentService' has been injecte
d into other beans [toVoConvertor] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version o
f the bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using 'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:622)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:515)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:204)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.resolveBeanByName(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:452)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.autowireResource(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:527)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.getResource(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:497)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$ResourceElement.getResourceToInject(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:637)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata$InjectedElement.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:180)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:322)
... 51 more
2、依賴關系
先不關注其他不規(guī)范問題,看現(xiàn)象
3、涉及基礎知識
- Spring bean 創(chuàng)建流程
- Dynamic Proxy 動態(tài)代理
- Spring-AOP 原理
問題
1、什么是循環(huán)依賴?
2、為什么會產生循環(huán)依賴?
3、循環(huán)依賴有哪些場景?
4、Spring如何解決循環(huán)依賴的?
5、Spring為什么使用三級緩存?
6、Spring支持AOP循環(huán)依賴,為何還存在循環(huán)依賴異常?
7、Spring不支持的循環(huán)依賴場景及如何解決?
注:Spring啟動流程與Bean創(chuàng)建初始化流程如不熟悉,自行補習,篇幅原因此處不做介紹
Spring循環(huán)依賴
1、什么是循環(huán)依賴
2、核心概念
- BeanDefinition:spring核心bean的配置信息
- Spring Bean:spring管理的已經初始化好以后的可使用的實例
首先,通過spring通過掃描各種注解 @Compoent、@Service、@Configuration等等把需要交給spring管理的bean初始化成 BeanDefinition 的列表
然后,根據(jù) BeanDefinition 創(chuàng)建spring bean的實例
- Java Bean:Java簡單通過構造函數(shù)創(chuàng)建的對象
- Spring通過推斷構造方法后,通過反射調用構造函數(shù)創(chuàng)建的對象
3、什么情況下出現(xiàn)循環(huán)依賴
并非使用者手動去getBean才會加載并初始化,而是框架啟動時進行加載
Spring創(chuàng)建Bean - #DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons
@Override
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
//......
List beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);
// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
//FactoryBean接口處理
......
}
else {
//正常Bean的加載入口
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
//......
} 4、循環(huán)依賴場景
- 構造器內的循環(huán)依賴
注入的好處很明顯,如果容器中不存在或者存在多個實現(xiàn)時,可以從容處理。
強依賴,先有雞還是先有蛋問題暫無解,此依賴方式Spring不支持,除非自身實現(xiàn)代理加延遲注入,這種方式很難解決,除非實現(xiàn)類似于lazy生成代理方式進行解耦來實現(xiàn)注入,Spring沒有支持可能因為此種注入場景都可以用其他方式代替且場景極少。
弱依賴,spring 4.3之后增加 ObjectProvider 來處理
//構造器循環(huán)依賴示例
public class StudentA {
private StudentB studentB ;
public StudentA(StudentB studentB) {
this.studentB = studentB;
}
}
public class StudentB {
private StudentA studentA ;
public StudentB(StudentA studentA) {
this.studentA = studentA;
}
}- setter方式單例,默認方式
- setter方式原型,prototype
對于“prototype”作用域Bean,Spring容器不進行緩存,因此無法提前暴露一個創(chuàng)建中的Bean。 - field屬性循環(huán)依賴
最常用,此場景是通過反射注入,以下為@Autowire 注入代碼,@Resource省略AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#postProcessProperties
@Override
public PropertyValues postProcessProperties(PropertyValues pvs, Object bean, String beanName) {
InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, bean.getClass(), pvs);
try {
//屬性注入
metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs);
}
catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Injection of autowired dependencies failed", ex);
}
return pvs;
}5、三級緩存解決循環(huán)依賴
(1)一級緩存
DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry
private final Map singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256); - 最基礎的單例緩存
- 限制 bean 在 beanFactory 中只存一份,即實現(xiàn) singleton scope
(2)二級緩存
二級緩存(未初始化未填充屬性提前暴露的Bean)
private final Map earlySingletonObjects = new HashMap<>(16); - 看名字應該就能猜到,緩存earlySingletonBean,與三級緩存配合使用的
- 需要注意:
- 在沒有AOP場景時是可以的,每次earlySingletonObjects.get()換成去三級緩存取就可以,存在問題
- 存在AOP場景時
- 因此,讓使用者去做重復性判斷是不可控的,很容易出現(xiàn)問題,于是引入了第二級緩存,當調用三級緩存里的對象工廠的getObject方法之后,getEarlyBeanReference 就會把返回值放入二級緩存,刪除三級緩存,后續(xù)其他依賴該對象的Bean獲取的都是同一個earlyBean,保證singleton原則。
- 每次都調用 getEarlyBeanReference,即使返回對象都一致,也浪費不必要時間
- 如果使用者在 getEarlyBeanReference 時直接 new XXX(),則對象又不一致,無法保證 singleton,所以需要使用者熟悉這塊原理,并且自身維護,并且暴露內部實現(xiàn)細節(jié)
- 每次都調用 getEarlyBeanReference 返回代理對象都不一致,無法保證 singleton
- 如果沒有此緩存,可不可以解決循環(huán)依賴問題?
(3)三級緩存
三級緩存(Bean創(chuàng)建時提供代理機會的Bean工廠緩存)
private final Map> singletonFactories = new HashMap<>(16); - 所以二級緩存和三級緩存是組合,不要拆成兩個獨立的東西去理解
- 基于這種設計,沒有發(fā)生循環(huán)依賴的bean就是正常的創(chuàng)建流程
- 相互引用的bean 會觸發(fā)鏈路中最初結點放入三級緩存內容,調用 getEarlyBeanReference 返回相應對象
6、Spring為何不使用一級、二級緩存解決循環(huán)依賴
循環(huán)依賴產生在Bean創(chuàng)建時
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
//創(chuàng)建Bean
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
.....
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}
//填充Bean依賴與Bean的初始化
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
//填充依賴的bean實例
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
//初始化---注意!注意!注意!此方法中可能調用 BeanPostProcessor
//的applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization時可能會返回代理對象,如果代理途徑與創(chuàng)建時代理方式不同則也會產生不同代理對象
//從而產生循環(huán)依賴中對象不一致情況
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
//如果存在循環(huán)依賴,則保證最開始創(chuàng)建的Bean需要是循環(huán)依賴 getEarlyBeanReference觸發(fā)生成的bean
//因為getEarlyBeanReference 可能返回的是代理類,因為singleton必須全局唯一
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
//只有真正存在循環(huán)依賴時,才會觸發(fā) getEarlyBeanReference調用產生EarlyBean
//未存在循環(huán)依賴,則getEarlyBeanReference不觸發(fā),earlySingletonReference為null,返回exposedObject即可
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
......
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesForType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
return exposedObject;
}三級緩存獲取Bean
protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
//一級緩存(單例池)獲取Bean
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
//二級緩存獲取(提前暴露不完全)Bean
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
ObjectFactory> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
if (singletonFactory != null) {
//三級緩存Bean的創(chuàng)建工廠獲取bean(可提前被代理)
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
}
}
}
}
return singletonObject;
}SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor重點 -> APC之父
//提供提前創(chuàng)建并返回代理的工廠singletonFactory.getObject()執(zhí)行的是個回調
//addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
protected Object getEarlyBeanReference(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object bean) {
Object exposedObject = bean;
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
//getEarlyBeanReference是SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口定義方法,
//此方法很關鍵(構造函數(shù)推斷也在此定義)
if (bp instanceof SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
exposedObject = ibp.getEarlyBeanReference(exposedObject, beanName);
}
}
}
return exposedObject;
}7、Spring支持動態(tài)代理循環(huán)依賴,為何還會出循環(huán)依賴異常?
(1)、相互依賴的Bean只有需要AOP或者動態(tài)代理時才有可能出現(xiàn)循環(huán)依賴異常
- 正常情況原始Spring Bean無論怎樣相互依賴都沒有問題,Spring完全可以處理這種場景
- 絕大多數(shù)存在AOP場景也都是支持的,Spring支持的
- 只有相互依賴場景下某些Bean需要被動態(tài)代理時偶爾會出現(xiàn)循環(huán)依賴異常問題,以下解釋異常場景:
通俗解釋(省略很多細節(jié)):A -> B -> C -> A
- Spring 啟動開始創(chuàng)建 A,doCreateBean()中對A進行屬性填充populateBean()時需要發(fā)現(xiàn)依賴B對象,此時A還沒有進行初始化,把A原始對象包裝成SingletonFactory 放入三級緩存。
- A依賴B,因此doCreateBean()會創(chuàng)建B,并對B進行屬性填空populateBean()時需要發(fā)現(xiàn)依賴C對象。
- C依賴A,因此doCreateBean()會創(chuàng)建C,并對C進行屬性填空populateBean()時需要發(fā)現(xiàn)依賴A對象。
3.1. 此時去一級緩存獲取A,因為A前邊并沒有填充與初始化完成,因此在一級緩存中不存在;3.2. 去二級緩存取A,因為A前邊并沒有填充與初始化完成,因此在二級緩存中不存在;3.3. 去三級緩存取A,第一步中把A封裝成SingletonFactory放入三級緩存的,因此三級緩存中可以獲取到A的對象3.3.1. 此時獲取的A如果有必要會對A進行動態(tài)代理,返回代理對象;3.3.2. 否則不需要代理則返回未填充、未初始化的原始對象A; - 3.4. 獲取到A對象,注入到C中,接著初始化C,返回C對象;
- C對象返回,注入到B中,接著初始化B,返回B對象;
- B對象返回,注入到A中,接著初始化A,問題就在這兒:
5.1. 如接下來初始化A無需被代理5.1.1. exposedObject返回是A原始對象,此時與C中被注入A都是原始Bean,完美; - 5.2. 如接下來初始化A需要被代理:
5.2.1. APC根據(jù)緩存檢查之前創(chuàng)建A時是否被代理過,如已被代理,直接返回原始對象,與A原始一致,完美;5.2.2. 但是,如此時A初始化過程中有獨特的其他BeanPostProcessor,對A的代理方式有單獨處理,則被代理后的proxy2與原始Bean、被注入到C中的A的Proxy均不再一致,拋出異常; - 總結重點:
6.1. 最終原因就是提前暴露的已經注入到C中的A(無論是否被代理)與后來經過初始化后被代理的A(proxy2)不再是同一個Bean;
6.2. 因為Spring管理Bean默認是Singleton的,現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了兩個bean,默認情況下無法決斷,因此就拋出了異常。
(2)、各別注解使用不當
- @Respository
- 處理器 PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization
- 被 @Respository注解的類在Spring啟動初始化時存在循環(huán)依賴鏈路中,如果此時Spring中開啟了AOP,則必拋出循環(huán)依賴異常
- 所以DAO層使用時,最好不要引入外部業(yè)務邏輯,業(yè)務邏輯可以提取到Manager、Service層等中,保持DAO純凈
- 案例分析:見第四節(jié)
- @Asyn
- 處理器 AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization
- 被 @Asyn注解的類在Spring啟動初始化時存在循環(huán)依賴鏈路中,如果此時Spring中開啟了AOP,則必拋出循環(huán)依賴異常
- 以上等注解的類使用不當都比較容易出現(xiàn)循環(huán)依賴,這兩個注解同一個父類,造成循環(huán)依賴原理一樣
AbstractAdvisingBeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization
(3)、存在多個AutoProxyCreator(APC),出現(xiàn)多層代理
spring默認保證一個容器中只能有一個Aop的APC,如過手動添加或者自定義會出現(xiàn)多個APC情況
- InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
- AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
- AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator
三者有就按照優(yōu)先級覆蓋,否則就注冊一個,因此始終就只會有一個APC
AopConfigUtils
static {
APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class);
APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class);
APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class);
}
private static BeanDefinition registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(
Class> cls, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {
if (registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
BeanDefinition apcDefinition = registry.getBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME);
if (!cls.getName().equals(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName())) {
//因為三個APC存在能力父子關系,按照指定注冊的APC自動調整優(yōu)先級,從而保證只存在一個APC
//如未指定APC,則默認為InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
int currentPriority = findPriorityForClass(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName());
int requiredPriority = findPriorityForClass(cls);
if (currentPriority < requiredPriority) {
apcDefinition.setBeanClassName(cls.getName());
}
}
return null;
}
RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(cls);
beanDefinition.setSource(source);
beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("order", Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);
beanDefinition.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
registry.registerBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME, beanDefinition);
return beanDefinition;
}存在多個APC時,如存在循環(huán)依賴,此時觸發(fā)之前放入三級緩存邏輯
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));從而觸發(fā)多個APC的 getEarlyBeanReference
protected Object getEarlyBeanReference(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object bean) {
Object exposedObject = bean;
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
//此時如存在多個APC,則依次執(zhí)行 getEarlyBeanReference 返回多層代理對象
for (SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessorCache().smartInstantiationAware) {
exposedObject = bp.getEarlyBeanReference(exposedObject, beanName);
}
}
return exposedObject;
}
最終proxy2會被注入到依賴的Bean中,即例如:A-proxy2 注入到 B中
存在多個多層代理情況,getEarlyBeanReference 沒有問題,但是執(zhí)行到初始化時
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) {
if (bean != null) {
//注意這個Bean可是原始對象,每個APC都緩存自身代理過的類,但是存在多個APC時,后續(xù)的APC緩存的確是代理類的代理
//即如第二個APC是BeanNameAutoProxyCreator,其緩存的可是 proxy1的class,原始類在此APC是沒被代理過的,
//因此此時會對原始類進行二次代理,產生Proxy3
Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
if (this.earlyProxyReferences.remove(cacheKey) != bean) {
return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
}
}
return bean;
}
//視線返回本次循環(huán)依賴最初實例化的結點:A->B->C->A,則此處為A的創(chuàng)建流程
//此時A 通過 getEarlyBeanReference生成A ->proxy2注入到C中,
//C直接實例創(chuàng)建不會觸發(fā)getEarlyBeanReference,注入到B中
//B直接實例創(chuàng)建不會觸發(fā)getEarlyBeanReference,注入到A中
//A依賴處理完畢,繼續(xù)初始化 initializeBean流程 -> postProcessAfterInitialization,返回 proxy3
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
//此時獲取到的代理類是 proxy2,即已經注入到依賴類C中的代理,因此不為null
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
//多APC時,exposedObject 在之前initializeBean -> postProcessAfterInitialization作用下返回proxy3
//proxy3 != bean 不一致,違反了singletion原則,因此會拋出循環(huán)依賴異常
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
......
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}8、正常AOP代理為何沒問
SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor
@Override
public Object getEarlyBeanReference(Object bean, String beanName) {
Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
this.earlyProxyReferences.put(cacheKey, bean);
return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
}
//提前通過singletonFactory.getObject()創(chuàng)建的代理緩存起來以后,這里如果再次判斷需要代理,
//緩存中存在已被代理則直接返回原始bean,無需再次代理,后續(xù)直接獲取earlySingletonReference,
//因此前后代理出來的對象是一致的
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) {
if (bean != null) {
Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
if (this.earlyProxyReferences.remove(cacheKey) != bean) {
return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
}
}
return bean;
}解決方案
1、無需代理場景使用原始對象
- 原始對象相互注入沒有問題,檢查不許要生成代理的類
2、@lazy解耦
- 原理是發(fā)現(xiàn)有@lazy注解的依賴為其生成代理類,依賴代理類,從而實現(xiàn)了解耦
- @Lazy 用來標識類是否需要延遲加載;
- @Lazy 可以作用在類上、方法上、構造器上、方法參數(shù)上、成員變量中;
- @Lazy 作用于類上時,通常與 @Component 及其衍生注解配合使用;
- @Lazy 注解作用于方法上時,通常與 @Bean 注解配合使用;
DefaultListableBeanFactory#resolveDependency
public Object resolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String requestingBeanName,
@Nullable Set autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {
descriptor.initParameterNameDiscovery(getParameterNameDiscoverer());
if (Optional.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
return createOptionalDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
}
......
else {
//處理@lazy
Object result = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getLazyResolutionProxyIfNecessary(
descriptor, requestingBeanName);
if (result == null) {
result = doResolveDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
}
return result;
}
}
ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver#getLazyResolutionProxyIfNecessary
public Object getLazyResolutionProxyIfNecessary(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName) {
return (isLazy(descriptor) ? buildLazyResolutionProxy(descriptor, beanName) : null);
}
ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver#isLazy
//是否為@lazy,如果為@lazy則創(chuàng)建依賴代理
protected boolean isLazy(DependencyDescriptor descriptor) {
for (Annotation ann : descriptor.getAnnotations()) {
Lazy lazy = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(ann, Lazy.class);
if (lazy != null && lazy.value()) {
return true;
}
}
.......
} 3、抽取公共邏輯
- 業(yè)務層面重構,不再相互依賴而是依賴公共模塊,并且各個對外業(yè)務與內部接口拆分
案例(可直接運行)
1、@Repository案例分析
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
/**
* @author: Superizer
*/
@Component
public class MainSpringCircularDependencyTester
{
@Test
public void springCircularDependencyTest()
{
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringCircularDependencyConfig.class);
X x = ac.getBean(X.class);
System.out.println("Spring bean X =" + x.getClass().getName());
x.display();
Y y = ac.getBean(Y.class);
System.out.println("Spring bean Y =" + y.getClass().getName());
y.display();
Z z = ac.getBean(Z.class);
System.out.println("Spring bean Z =" + z.getClass().getName());
z.display();
System.out.println("******************Main********************");
}
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.myself.demo.spring.v5.circular.dependency")
// @EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@ConditionalOnClass(PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.class)
static class SpringCircularDependencyConfig{
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.dao.exceptiontranslation", name = "enabled",
matchIfMissing = true)
public static PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor
persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor(Environment environment) {
PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor postProcessor = new PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor();
boolean proxyTargetClass = environment.getProperty(
"spring.aop.proxy-target-class", Boolean.class, Boolean.TRUE);
postProcessor.setProxyTargetClass(proxyTargetClass);
return postProcessor;
}
}
abstract static class A {
public abstract A injectSources();
public abstract A self();
public void display(){
System.out.println("injectSources:" + injectSources().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("*******************************************************");
}
}
//X、Y、Z 只要循環(huán)依賴中第一個類X有注解@Repository,就會出現(xiàn)循環(huán)依賴異常
//執(zhí)行X的singletonFactory.getObject()返回的原對象,但是后邊初始化時
//執(zhí)行到PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor時單獨創(chuàng)建代理邏輯返回的是代理類
//exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
@Repository
// @Component
static class X extends A{
@Resource
private Y y;
@Override
public Y injectSources()
{
return y;
}
@Override
public X self() {
return this;
}
}
@Component
// @Repository
static class Y extends A{
@Resource
private Z z;
@Override
public Z injectSources() {
return z;
}
@Override
public Y self()
{
return this;
}
}
@Component
// @Repository
static class Z extends A{
@Resource
private X x;
@Override
public X injectSources()
{
return x;
}
@Override
public Z self()
{
return this;
}
}
}2、多AutoProxyCreator場景
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.aop.ClassFilter;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodMatcher;
import org.springframework.aop.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.aop.support.AbstractExpressionPointcut;
import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* @author: Superizer
* Copyright (C) 2021
* All rights reserved
*/
@Component
public class MainSpringCircularDependencyV2Tester
{
@Test
public void circularDependencyV2Tester()
{
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringCircularDependencyConfig.class);
A a = ac.getBean(A.class);
System.out.println("Spring bean A =" + a.getClass().getName());
a.display();
B y = ac.getBean(B.class);
System.out.println("Spring bean B =" + y.getClass().getName());
y.display();
C z = ac.getBean(C.class);
System.out.println("Spring bean C =" + z.getClass().getName());
z.display();
System.out.println("******************Main********************");
}
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.myself.demo.spring.v5.circular.dependency.v2")
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
static class SpringCircularDependencyConfig {
@Bean
public DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor() {
DefaultPointcutAdvisor advisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor();
Pointcut pointcut = new AbstractExpressionPointcut() {
@Override
public ClassFilter getClassFilter() {
return (tmp) -> {
String name = tmp.getName();
if(name.equals(A.class.getName())) {
return true;
}
return false;
};
}
@Override
public MethodMatcher getMethodMatcher() {
return MethodMatcher.TRUE;
}
};
advisor.setPointcut(pointcut);
advisor.setAdvice(new SpringAopAroundMethod());
advisor.setOrder(0);
return advisor;
}
@Bean
public BeanNameAutoProxyCreator beanNameAutoProxyCreator() {
BeanNameAutoProxyCreator apc = new BeanNameAutoProxyCreator();
apc.setBeanNames("a");
apc.setOrder(-1);
apc.setProxyTargetClass(true);
return apc;
}
}
abstract static class G {
public abstract G injectSources();
public abstract G self();
public void display(){
System.out.println("injectSources:" + injectSources().getClass().getName());
System.out.println("*******************************************************");
}
}
@Component(value = "a")
static class A extends G {
@Resource
private B b;
@Override
public B injectSources()
{
return b;
}
@Override
public A self() {
return this;
}
}
@Component
static class B extends G {
@Resource
private C c;
@Override
public C injectSources() {
return c;
}
@Override
public B self()
{
return this;
}
}
@Component
static class C extends G {
@Resource
private A a;
@Override
public A injectSources()
{
return a;
}
@Override
public C self()
{
return this;
}
}
static class SpringAopAroundMethod implements MethodInterceptor {
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("Aop Before method!");
try {
Object result = methodInvocation.proceed();
System.out.println("Aop after method!");
return result;
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println("Aop throw exception!");
throw e;
}
}
}
}總結
出現(xiàn)循環(huán)依賴其實反映代碼結構設計上的問題,理論上應當將循環(huán)依賴進行分層,抽取公共部分,然后由各個功能類再去依賴公共部分。
但是在復雜代碼中,各個service、manager類互相調用太多,總會一不小心出現(xiàn)一些類之間的循環(huán)依賴的問題。可有時候我們又發(fā)現(xiàn)在用Spring進行依賴注入時,雖然Bean之間有循環(huán)依賴,但是代碼本身卻大概率能很正常的work,似乎也沒有任何bug。
很多敏感的同學心里肯定有些犯嘀咕,循環(huán)依賴這種觸犯因果律的事情怎么能發(fā)生呢?沒錯,這一切其實都并不是那么理所當然。Spring已經為我們背負了太多,但絕不是偷懶的借口,還是應該規(guī)范設計,規(guī)范代碼,盡量做到從根本上避免這種循環(huán)依賴的發(fā)生。
Spring流程圖
當前名稱:Spring循環(huán)依賴那些事兒(含Spring詳細流程圖)
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