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CentOS NFS(網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件系統(tǒng))是一種在分布式計算環(huán)境中實現(xiàn)文件共享的協(xié)議，通過使用NFS,可以在不同的計算機(jī)之間共享文件和目錄，從而實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)和資源的高效利用，本文將介紹如何在CentOS 7上安裝和配置NFS服務(wù)。
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一、安裝NFS服務(wù)
1. 確保系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)更新到最新版本，在終端中輸入以下命令：
sudo yum update
2. 安裝NFS服務(wù)所需的軟件包，在終端中輸入以下命令：
sudo yum install nfs-utils
3. 啟動并設(shè)置NFS服務(wù)開機(jī)自啟，在終端中輸入以下命令：
sudo systemctl start nfs-server sudo systemctl enable nfs-server
4. 查看NFS服務(wù)狀態(tài)，在終端中輸入以下命令：
sudo systemctl status nfs-server
二、配置NFS共享目錄
1. 創(chuàng)建一個用于共享的目錄，創(chuàng)建一個名為“/shared”的目錄：
sudo mkdir /shared
2. 設(shè)置該目錄的權(quán)限，以便其他用戶可以訪問和修改，設(shè)置為所有用戶可讀寫：
sudo chmod 777 /shared
3. 在客戶端計算機(jī)上創(chuàng)建一個掛載點，用于訪問共享目錄，創(chuàng)建一個名為“/mnt/nfs”的目錄：
sudo mkdir /mnt/nfs
4. 將遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器上的共享目錄掛載到客戶端計算機(jī)上，假設(shè)遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器的IP地址為“192.168.1.100”，則執(zhí)行以下命令：
sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.1.100:/shared /mnt/nfs
5. 若要使掛載在系統(tǒng)啟動時自動生效，需要編輯“/etc/fstab”文件，備份文件：
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
使用文本編輯器打開“/etc/fstab”文件，例如使用“vi”編輯器：
sudo vi /etc/fstab
在文件末尾添加以下行，其中“192.168.1.100”是遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器的IP地址，“/shared”是共享目錄的路徑：“192.168.1.100:/shared /mnt/nfs nfs defaults 0 0”
保存并關(guān)閉文件，執(zhí)行以下命令使更改生效：
sudo mount -a
三、驗證NFS共享是否成功
1. 在客戶端計算機(jī)上運行以下命令，查看掛載點下的內(nèi)容：
ls /mnt/nfs
如果可以看到共享目錄中的文件和子目錄，說明NFS共享已成功。
2. 在遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器上檢查“/var/log/messages”文件，查找與NFS相關(guān)的日志信息，如果看到類似以下內(nèi)容的日志，說明NFS服務(wù)正在正常運行：
“`
Mar 3 10:23:45 server kernel: NFS client version 3 called Mount(192.168.1.100://shared) from (192.168.1.200) at Mar 3 10:23:45 by user nobody on Linux version 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 (systemd-238) with TCP_NODELAY enabled (protocol in use PXE-RSP/MMU/HUD) using localtime(Crunchy) and nolock(vfs) options; protocol VFS_NOLOCK (tcp), Retry: yes (max=3), Timeout in isochronous mode set to 60 seconds (RPC_TIMEOUT=60). VFS error (device or resource busy), device or resource busy (192.168.1.100://shared) is not a directory or is empty. [kernel] IP table flush before namespace switch. [IPV4] NETLINK address family [genl]: autoconfig failed (-1): Checking for a default router now without sending any packets to the network! This might take a few minutes depending on your network setup! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unreachable (netlink)! [IPV4] Network is unReachablE(NETLINK): No route to host, disconnecting … done.[iproute2-default(7)]: REJECT xmit queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only; reject rcv queue full, statistics only
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