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創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)Python教程:用Python繪制幾個動畫
python中的matplotlib從1.1.0版本以后就開始支持繪制動畫,Matplotlib 是一個 Python 的 2D繪圖庫,它以各種硬拷貝格式和跨平臺的交互式環(huán)境生成出版質(zhì)量級別的圖形。這里介紹幾種Python使用matplotlib繪制動畫的方法。

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下面是幾個的示例:
第一個例子使用generator,每隔兩秒,就運行函數(shù)data_gen:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.animation as animation fig = plt.figure() axes1 = fig.add_subplot(111) line, = axes1.plot(np.random.rand(10)) #因為update的參數(shù)是調(diào)用函數(shù)data_gen, #所以第一個默認參數(shù)不能是framenum def update(data): line.set_ydata(data) return line, # 每次生成10個隨機數(shù)據(jù) def data_gen(): while True: yield np.random.rand(10) ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update, data_gen, interval=2*1000) plt.show()
第二個例子使用list(metric),每次從metric中取一行數(shù)據(jù)作為參數(shù)送入update中:
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.animation as animation start = [1, 0.18, 0.63, 0.29, 0.03, 0.24, 0.86, 0.07, 0.58, 0] metric =[[0.03, 0.86, 0.65, 0.34, 0.34, 0.02, 0.22, 0.74, 0.66, 0.65], [0.43, 0.18, 0.63, 0.29, 0.03, 0.24, 0.86, 0.07, 0.58, 0.55], [0.66, 0.75, 0.01, 0.94, 0.72, 0.77, 0.20, 0.66, 0.81, 0.52] ] fig = plt.figure() window = fig.add_subplot(111) line, = window.plot(start) #如果是參數(shù)是list,則默認每次取list中的一個元素, #即metric[0],metric[1],... def update(data): line.set_ydata(data) return line, ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update, metric, interval=2*1000) plt.show()
第三個例子:
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import animation
# First set up the figure, the axis, and the plot element we want to animate
fig = plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(0, 2), ylim=(-2, 2))
line, = ax.plot([], [], lw=2)
# initialization function: plot the background of each frame
def init():
line.set_data([], [])
return line,
# animation function. This is called sequentially
# note: i is framenumber
def animate(i):
x = np.linspace(0, 2, 1000)
y = np.sin(2 * np.pi * (x - 0.01 * i))
line.set_data(x, y)
return line,
# call the animator. blit=True means only re-draw the parts that have changed.
anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, init_func=init,
frames=200, interval=20, blit=True)
#anim.save('basic_animation.mp4', fps=30, extra_args=['-vcodec', 'libx264'])
plt.show()第四個例子:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.animation as animation # 每次產(chǎn)生一個新的坐標點 def data_gen(): t = data_gen.t cnt = 0 while cnt < 1000: cnt+=1 t += 0.05 yield t, np.sin(2*np.pi*t) * np.exp(-t/10.) data_gen.t = 0 # 繪圖 fig, ax = plt.subplots() line, = ax.plot([], [], lw=2) ax.set_ylim(-1.1, 1.1) ax.set_xlim(0, 5) ax.grid() xdata, ydata = [], [] # 因為run的參數(shù)是調(diào)用函數(shù)data_gen, # 所以第一個參數(shù)可以不是framenum:設置line的數(shù)據(jù),返回line def run(data): # update the data t,y = data xdata.append(t) ydata.append(y) xmin, xmax = ax.get_xlim() if t >= xmax: ax.set_xlim(xmin, 2*xmax) ax.figure.canvas.draw() line.set_data(xdata, ydata) return line, # 每隔10秒調(diào)用函數(shù)run,run的參數(shù)為函數(shù)data_gen, # 表示圖形只更新需要繪制的元素 ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, run, data_gen, blit=True, interval=10, repeat=False) plt.show()
再看下面的例子:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
#第一個參數(shù)必須為framenum
def update_line(num, data, line):
line.set_data(data[...,:num])
return line,
fig1 = plt.figure()
data = np.random.rand(2, 15)
l, = plt.plot([], [], 'r-')
plt.xlim(0, 1)
plt.ylim(0, 1)
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.title('test')
#framenum從1增加大25后,返回再次從1增加到25,再返回...
line_ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig1, update_line, 25,fargs=(data, l),interval=50, blit=True)
#等同于
#line_ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig1, update_line, frames=25,fargs=(data, l),
# interval=50, blit=True)
#忽略frames參數(shù),framenum會從1一直增加下去知道無窮
#由于frame達到25以后,數(shù)據(jù)不再改變,所以你會發(fā)現(xiàn)到達25以后圖形不再變化了
#line_ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig1, update_line, fargs=(data, l),
# interval=50, blit=True)
plt.show() 網(wǎng)站名稱:創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)Python教程:用Python繪制幾個動畫
轉(zhuǎn)載來于:http://www.5511xx.com/article/dhhhpdi.html


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