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WF（Workflow）中提供來兩種方式：ActiveDirectoryRole(通過活動目錄用戶)和WebWorkflowRole(ASP.NET Role)。下面舉例說明：

1.我們使用HandleExternalEventActivity活動來提供圖書檢索功能，當(dāng)有人檢索的時候會觸發(fā)檢索事件，只有會員才可以使用該功能。首先來定義事件參數(shù)：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Workflow.Activities;

namespace CaryWFRole
{
    [Serializable]
    public class BookEventArgs : ExternalDataEventArgs
    {
        public string ID { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Author { get; set; }

        public BookEventArgs()
            : base(Guid.NewGuid())
        { }

        public BookEventArgs(Guid instanceID, string id, string name, string author)
            : base(instanceID)
        {
            this.ID = id;
            this.Name = name;
            this.Author = author;
        }
    }
}

2.事件接口如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Workflow.Activities;

namespace CaryWFRole
{
    [ExternalDataExchangeAttribute()]
    public interface ISearchBookService
    {
        event EventHandler
     
       SearchBook; } } 
     

3.實現(xiàn)該接口，代碼如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Principal;

namespace CaryWFRole
{
    public class SearchBookService:ISearchBookService
    {
        public event EventHandler
     
       SearchBook; public void OnSearchRequest(Guid instanceId, string id,string name,string author, IIdentity identity) { BookEventArgs args = new BookEventArgs(instanceId, id, name, author); String securityIdentifier = null; WindowsIdentity windowsIdentity = identity as WindowsIdentity; if (windowsIdentity != null && windowsIdentity.User != null) securityIdentifier = windowsIdentity.User.Translate(typeof(NTAccount)).ToString(); else if (identity != null) securityIdentifier = identity.Name; args.Identity = securityIdentifier; Console.WriteLine("return book by: {0}", identity.Name); if (SearchBook != null) SearchBook(null, args); } } } 
     

4.工作流設(shè)計如下：

通過設(shè)置檢索事件（HandleExternalEventActivity）活動的的Roles屬性來控制，只有該角色集合的用戶才有權(quán)限。在工作流中我們只允許會員才可以做
檢索，代碼如下：

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ComponentModel.Design;
using System.Collections;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Workflow.ComponentModel.Compiler;
using System.Workflow.ComponentModel.Serialization;
using System.Workflow.ComponentModel;
using System.Workflow.ComponentModel.Design;
using System.Workflow.Runtime;
using System.Workflow.Activities;
using System.Workflow.Activities.Rules;

namespace CaryWFRole
{
    public sealed partial class BookWorkflow : SequentialWorkflowActivity
    {
        public BookWorkflow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private WorkflowRoleCollection sAllowRoles = new WorkflowRoleCollection();

        public WorkflowRoleCollection AllowRoles
        {
            get { return sAllowRoles; }
        }

        private void codeActivity1_ExecuteCode(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            WebWorkflowRole role = new WebWorkflowRole("會員");
            AllowRoles.Add(role);
        }

        private void handleExternalEventActivity1_Invoked(object sender, ExternalDataEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("查詢成功");
        }
    }
}

5.通過如下函數(shù)來創(chuàng)建角色和用戶，代碼如下：

static void CreateRoles()
{
     if (!System.Web.Security.Roles.RoleExists("會員"))
     {
         System.Web.Security.Roles.CreateRole("會員");
         string[] users = { "張三", "李四", "王五" };
         string[] ClerkRole = { "會員" };
         System.Web.Security.Roles.AddUsersToRoles(users, ClerkRole);
     }           
}

6.假設(shè)以張三的身份來檢索，觸發(fā)事件的函數(shù)如下：

static void SendSearchRequest()
{
       try
       {                
            string id = "001";
            string name = "C#高級編程";
            string author = "某某某";
                
            GenericIdentity genIdentity = new GenericIdentity("張三");
            sBook.OnSearchRequest(workflowInstanceId, id, name, author, genIdentity);
       }
       catch (Exception e)
       {
            Console.WriteLine("Exception message: {0}", e.ToString());
       }
}

7.宿主程序如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Workflow.Runtime;
using System.Workflow.Runtime.Hosting;
using System.Security.Principal;
using System.Workflow.Activities;

namespace CaryWFRole
{
    class Program
    {
        static SearchBookService sBook;
        static Guid workflowInstanceId;
        static AutoResetEvent waitHandle = new AutoResetEvent(false);

        static void Main()
        {
            CreateRoles();
            using (WorkflowRuntime workflowRuntime = new WorkflowRuntime())
            {
                workflowRuntime.StartRuntime();
                Type type = typeof(BookWorkflow);
                ExternalDataExchangeService dataService = new ExternalDataExchangeService();
                workflowRuntime.AddService(dataService);

                sBook = new SearchBookService();
                dataService.AddService(sBook);

                workflowRuntime.WorkflowCompleted += OnWorkflowCompleted;
                workflowRuntime.WorkflowTerminated += OnWorkflowTerminated;

                WorkflowInstance instance = workflowRuntime.CreateWorkflow(type);
                workflowInstanceId = instance.InstanceId;
                instance.Start();
                SendSearchRequest();
                waitHandle.WaitOne();
                workflowRuntime.StopRuntime();
            }
        }

        static void OnWorkflowCompleted(object sender, WorkflowCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
            waitHandle.Set();
        }
        static void OnWorkflowTerminated(object sender, WorkflowTerminatedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(e.Exception.Message);
            waitHandle.Set();
        }
    }
}

8.我們要配置aspnetdb數(shù)據(jù)庫，app.config如下：

9.執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下：

【編輯推薦】

1. 詳解工作流架構(gòu)與實現(xiàn)
2. 協(xié)同軟件：對工作流的幾點謬誤的解析
3. 面向構(gòu)件的中間件：超越工作流管理

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